Basic Grammar Step by Step Second Edition
Mary W. Ng
Chapter 62
Conditional Sentences
A conditional sentence has two parts: the if-clause and the main clause. The if-clause expresses a condition. The main clause expresses what will happen when the condition is fulfilled. The condition is fulfilled when the action or situation expressed in the if-clause happens.
| if-clause | Main Clause |
|---|---|
| If you ask her, | she will lend you the book. |
| If he has time, | he will mow the lawn. |
62.1 Type 1 Conditional Sentences
We use a Type 1 conditional sentence when it is likely that the action or situation expressed in the if-clause will happen.
We use the present simple tense in the if-clause and the future simple tense in the main clause.
| Verb in if-clause | Verb in Main Clause | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| If I | study, | I | will pass | the test. | |
| If it | is | hot, | we | will go | swimming. |
We also use shall with the first person singular and plural personal pronouns.
| Verb in if-clause | Verb in Main Clause | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| If I | study, | I | shall pass | the test. |
| If we | study, | we | shall pass | the test. |
Exercise Use the correct tense to complete these sentences.
- If I ___ (get) up late, I ___ (miss) the bus.
- If you ___ (rest) more, you ___ (feel) better.
- If you ___ (love) your dog, it ___ (love) you back.
- If you ___ (invite) them, they ___ (come) to the party.
- If I ___ (lose) my bus fare, I ___ (have) to walk.
- If he ___ (have) the money, he ___ (buy) a computer.
- If you ___ (work) hard, you ___ (get) good grades.
- If they ___ (see) us, they ___ (wave).
- If we ___ (start) now, we ___ (finish) early.
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